Fourth anniversary of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine: numbers from the warfront

Since the war began, 15,172 Ukrainian civilians have been killed, including 739 children, according to the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR).

According to Western intelligence and the Center for Strategic and International Studies, which many experts consider reliable sources on this matter, Russian military casualties amount to 1.2 million soldiers, of whom around 400,000 have been killed.

Ukraine has seen around 600,000 military casualties, including up to 140,000 deaths.

At its zenith in March 2022, Russia’s invasion force controlled 26 percent of Ukraine. That included Crimea, which Russia had seized in 2014, and large parts of the eastern regions of Luhansk and Donetsk, where pro-Russian separatist forces had fought Kyiv’s forces since 2014.

Over the past year, Russia has gained just 0.79 percent of Ukraine’s territory in the grinding war of attrition, underscoring the limited progress Moscow’s forces have made despite huge costs in troops and armor. Today, Russia controls 19 percent of Ukrainian territory.

Before Russia’s full-scale invasion, it controlled nearly 7 percent of Ukraine, including Crimea and parts of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions in the east, where Moscow-backed separatists were fighting the Ukrainian army.

There was a 13 percent drop in foreign military aid to Kyiv last year compared with the annual average between 2022 and 2024, according to Germany’s Kiel Institute, which tracks assistance to Ukraine.

U.S. President Donald Trump stopped sending American weapons funded by the United States to Ukraine after he took office just over a year ago. European countries, striving to make up the difference, increased their military aid last year by 67 percent compared with the 2022–2024 period, the institute said in a report this month.

Foreign humanitarian and financial aid to Ukraine fell by 5 percent last year compared with the average of the previous three years, the report added.

Some 5.3 million Ukrainians have found refuge in Europe, mostly in neighboring Poland. Additionally, around 3.7 million Ukrainians displaced from their homes have moved elsewhere within the country, the UN said in December.

Ukraine’s prewar population was more than 40 million